Archive Details

Triveni Kanwar, Amit Roy, Pushpa Prasad*

Columbia Institute of Pharmacy, Tekari, Raipur, Chhattisgarh – 493111, India

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a universal metabolic disease characterized by means of hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hyper aminoacidemia and hypoinsulinaemia. It leads to diminish in insulin, secretion and insulin action. Insulin is natural hormone secreted commencing the βâ€Â cells of pancreas which help out the cells to uptake glucose molecules from the blood flow. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic autoimmune disease related by selective damage of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells. There are lots of multiple agents obtainable to control and to care for diabetic patients, although total recovery from diabetes has not been reported up to this time. Alternative in the direction of these synthetic agents, plants and nutrients supply a potential source of hypoglycemic drugs and are extensively used in some traditional systems of medicine toward prevent diabetes. Conventional systems of medicines with the perspectives of protection, efficiency, and quality will controls.

Firdous Ahmad Dar^1*, Kirti Jain², Bharti Jain³,  Madhuri Modak¹

¹Government Motilal Vigyan Mahavidyalaya,  Jahangirabad, Bhopal-462004, Madhya Pradesh, India

²Govt. Science and Commerce College Benazir, Jahangirabad, Bhopal-462008, Madhya Pradesh, India

³Sarojini Naidu Govt Girls PG Autonomous College, Bhopal (M.P.)-462016, India

Abstract

In the present study leaves of an important medicinal plant Vitex negundo was subjected to a phytochemical screening, flavonoid content and characterization of flavonoids moiety of Vitex negundo leaves extracts. The petroleum ether, chloroform, ethanol, methanol and aqueous extracts were prepared, and further screened for preliminary phytochemical test. The quantification of quercetin was investigated in ethanol extract by HPLC study. Preliminary phytochemical revealed the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds in ethanol, methanol and aqueous extracts of leaves of Vitex negundo. The ethanol, methanol and aqueous extracts investigated for antioxidant activity, and ethanol extract indicates the presence of highest quantity of flavonoids and polyphenol compared to other extracts. The HPLC chromatogram confirmed the flavonoids moiety was quercetin in ethanol extract, and the yield of quercetin was 42.18 ng/ml. 

Felicia Akuamoa^1*, George Tawia Odamtten², Nii Korley Kortei³, Akwasi Akomea  Agyekum¹         

¹Applied Radiation Biology Centre, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, P. O. Box AE 1, Atomic, Accra. Ghana

²Department of Plant and Environmental Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 55, Legon, Ghana

³Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana

Abstract

Dry and smoked shrimp constitute an important nutrient supplement for the populace in Ghana. Shrimp continues to represent one of the safest forms of muscle protein consumed in the world. Despite this safety record, shrimp have a high tolerance to toxins in polluted areas. The effect of irradiation on the nutrient and mineral elements including heavy metals were examined after storage for 4 months in dense polyethylene bowls. Elemental composition was estimated by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). The Flame Photometer (FP) was used in the determination of Sodium and Potassium. There were clear differences in the concentration of heavy metals, and macro nutrients (Mg, K, Na, Zn) due to influence of the type of water body they dwelled in. Irradiation had some or no effect on the concentration of these listed elemental and components, but there were interactions between sources of shrimp, storage time and irradiation dose in some instances. Multivariate analysis of elemental composition showed that, accumulation of Fe, Cu, Zn, and N was generally attended by uptake of Pb, Cr, Na, and K. The order of elemental concentration (in decreasing order) was: Fe > Cu > Zn > N > Mn >Pb> Cr >Na > K > Ni > Cd.

Nushrat Parveen, Amit Roy, Pushpa Prasad*

Columbia Institute of Pharmacy, Tekari, Raipur, Chhattisgarh – 493111, India

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by the occurrence of unceasing hyperglycemia eachimmune-mediated (Type 1 diabetes), insulin resistance (Type 2), gestational or others (surroundings, hereditarydefect, infection as well as assured drugs). Here be tons of chemical agents available to control and to treat diabetic patients, but total recovery from diabetes has not been reported up to this date. The modern oral hypoglycemic agents produce undesirable side effects. Plants by virtue of its composition of containing multiple constituents developed during its growth under various environmental stresses providing a plethora of chemical families with medicinal utility. Herbal formulations are becoming popular now days particularly in the treatment of diabetes due to lesser side effect and low cost. This review focuses on the potential of different polyherbal formulation in the treatment of diabetes and also reviews their pharmacological investigations.

Yogita Choudhary, Abhishek Saxena*, Yatendra Kumar, Sagar Kumar, Vijay Pratap 

Department of Pharmacy, Brahmanand Group of Institution, Bulanshahr (UP), India

Abstract

Since ancient times, plants are used as source of medicine. Aegle marmelos is a pharmacologically varied medicinal plant. The various parts of Aegle marmelos, precisely fruit, have an immense range of medicinal uses in folk medicine and used for the healing of different disease. The numerous phytochemical constituents of this plant have been exposed namely, marmeline, Agelin, aegelenine, marmeline, dictamine, fragrine, inulin, proteins, carbohydrates, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides and flavonoids. Researchers reported pharmacological potential of various parts such as fruits, leaves, and stems of Aegle marmelos as antioxidant, antimicrobial, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, nephroprotective, hepatoprotective etc. We performed PUBMED, EMBASE, Google scholar searches for medicinal values along with other uses of Aegle marmelos. In present review, comprehensive study focused on knowledge regarding several traditional, chemical and pharmacological activities of Aegle marmelos has been described.

Gupta GK¹, Tejas Joshi¹, Keshu Madhudiya¹, Arijit Chaudhuri^2* 

Department of Agriculture, Madhav University, Sirohi-307 026, Rajasthan, India

Department of Pharmacy, Manav Bharti University, Solan-173229, Himachal Pradesh, India

Abstract

The medicinal plants imparts chief role in protecting our health from various disease. It is nature’s gift to human being to live healthy life. Medicinal plants are believed to be much safer and proved as elixir in the treatment of various ailments. Medicinal plants used in Indian system of medicine from Rajasthan state have been surveyed and categorized systematically. The manuscript incorporated the therapeutic properties and nutritive values of medicinal plants of Rajasthan. The paper deals with 11 medicinal plants, thoroughly indexed along with their important traditional application for the cure of various ailments. This study also incorporates the ethno-botany and biological activities of these important plants.

Ohadoma, SC^1*, Michael, HU²

¹Department of Pharmacology, and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Imo State University, PMB 2000, Owerri, Nigeria

²Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Madonna University, PMB 05, Elele, Rivers State, Nigeria

Abstract

Most of the chronic diseases including diabetes mellitus are difficult to treat successfully with orthodox drugs. Investigation in complementary and alternative medicines is now being intensified to proffer lasting solution. Natural products and their derivatives may be considered as a potential source of novel compounds which can combine with orthodox drugs to enhance their hypoglycemic effect. To investigate the complementary and synergistic effect of Catharanthus roseus (C. roseus) leaves extract with oral hypoglycemic synthetic drugs sulphonylurea (glibenclamide) and biguanide (metformin). Experimental induction of diabetes in rats using alloxan model was employed. Five rats each of six groups were used. Group I received distilled water only. Groups II, III and IV received 250 mg/kg of methanol extract, 100 mg/kg of biguanide (metformin) and 1 mg/kg of sulphonylurea (glibenclamide), respectively. Groups V and VI received extract-metformin and extract-glibenclamide combination at doses as above, respectively. Administration of the six groups was carried out once daily for seven days. At 2, 12, 24, 72 and 168 h, fasting blood glucose was determined using a glucometer. When compared with control alone, all medicaments significantly (p<0.05) lowered blood glucose levels. The highest percentage reduction in blood glucose (64.9%) occurred with extract-biguanide (metformin) combination. The leaves extract of C. roseus – biguanide (metformin) combination offered a promising novel approach to diabetes mellitus treatment.

Deepak Prashar^*

Department of Pharmacy, MN DAV Dental College, Solan, 173212 (H.P), India

Abstract

The Gum tragacanth-acrylic acid-based hydrogels were prepared using KPS-ascorbic acid as an initiator and glutaraldehyde as crosslinker via free radical graft copolymerization technique. Synthesized polymers were characterized with FTIR, SEM and thermal techniques in order to authenticate the grafting of poly (AA) on to Gum tragacanth. The candidate’s hydrogel was also evaluated for salt resistant distension studies by means of biological electrolytic system using AC/DC supply. Moreover, the re-swelling ability of the candidate polymer was also studied using different pH media for its utilization in the site specific drug delivery. The results of the study suggested that the candidate polymer shows good salt resistant behavior alongwith pulsatile (swelling/de-swelling) nature. From the results of present study it was concluded that thepolymer can beutilized for targeted drug delivery system as carrier. 

Daniyal Ahmed, Humaira Zafar*, Kiran Tauseef, Muhammad Nauman Nawaz, Muhammad Ammar

Al Nafees Med College, Isra University, Islamabad Campus, Pakistan

Abstract

To identify the common ways of thalassemia awareness in medical and non-medical professions. A simple random sampling technique was used for 130 (N) participants. A designed questionnaire with multiple sections (Demographics, Awareness about Diagnosis, Management and Prevention) for the study was used. The data was analyzed for frequency in terms of percentages by using SPSS version 23. Participants that were asked about have they ever heard about thalassemia, 95% (n=123) of selected participants said yes while 5% (n=7) of selected participants said they had never heard about thalassemia before, in which non-medical employees and non-medical students were included. When those participants were asked where did they heard about thalassemia, participants that were related to medical profession either they were medical students and doctors or were from para-medical students and employees mostly heard about thalassemia from literature as thalassemia is present in their curriculum while for participants from non-medical profession either employees or students had mostly heard from Television, Friends and Social Media. When participants were asked about the kind of disease, majority 85% (n=110) knew that it is hereditary but some participants 5% (n=6) said thalassemia is caused due to dietary deficiency and 3% (n=4) said they do not have any information about its kind while remaining 2-3% of participants said that thalassemia is contagious or occurs due to an allergic reaction. The commonest information media was television, for spreading awareness regarding health related problems such as Thalassemia. Participants related to medical profession either doctors or para-medical staffs are well aware as compare to the participants from non-medical profession.